Medical Imaging

 

What is a Medical Imaging?

• What does the human body look like inside ?The correct answer is How we look at it. The most used method to see inside of out body is by cut open our surface (Surgery) but what if its a bone facture and we couldn't cut open up the surface? what if we couldn't cut open the surface because its in a sensitive part of the patients body? To overcome this we use Medical imaging
• Medical imaging is the technique and process of imaging the interior of a body for clinical analysis and medical intervention, as well as used to create images of various parts of the human body for diagnostic and treatment purposes as a Biomedical engineers we should must have a strong knowledge about Medical Imaging Modalities

Different modalities of Medical Imaging :

Some important Basic and common Medical imaging systems are 

X-ray:

  X-ray is most commonly and one of the oldest medical imaging technique used. It was founded in 1890's by scientist Roentgen the first published X-ray image was the hand of Wilhelm conrad Roentgen's wife in December 1895,It is also called as projection radiography because it produces a 3-D object or signal onto a 2-D Image.

Computed Tomography:

    Computer tomography (CT) uses X-rays. However ,CT collects images of various or multiple projection of same tissue and collages all and give us the output image. The most important historical phases of CT development are single - slice CT, Helical CT and Multiple - row CT .

Nuclear medicine:

   Nuclear medicine is different the all other modalities it uses the principle of Radioactivity for imaging when a radiotracer is injected, ingested or inhaled in the body are trace amounts which biochemically active drugs whose molecules are labeled with radionuclides that emit gamma rays this radiotracer move within the body according to the body's natural uptake of the biological carrier molecule There are three types of nuclear medicine imaging like :Conventional radionuclide or scintigraphy, Single - photon emission CT(SPECT) and Positron emission Tomography 

Ultrasound Imaging:

  The ultrasound Imaging is yet an another Imaging technique which uses the Electrical to acoustic principle for imaging the transducer within the ultrasound produces an Echo or acoustic wave which hits in the soft tissue and comes backs and the sensor receives it and shows the final output (Like a radar).I think you are familiar with the word Ultrasonography it uses the ultrasound imaging 

Medical Resonance Imaging :

  Medical resonance Imaging (MRI) uses Nuclear magnetic resonance principle for imaging (it is a bigger topic as this is a basic of medical imaging we will discuss MRI in-depth in upcoming blogs ) 

The above 5 is not only the medical imaging systems they are also

• Endoscopy
• Electrography
• Tactile imaging
• Thermograph
• Fluoroscopy

But for now we will focus on the basic and mostly used Imaging Modalities

Basic Terminologies used in Medical Imaging :

1. Projections: Projection is projecting a image for its 3-D shape into 2-D shape we mainly use it in X-rays 
2. Views: There are different types of views in medical imaging such as :Axial(a) , Coronal(b) , Sagittal (c)(the images of the view are given below )
3. Tomography: It is a series of image generated from one form each slice of 3D object in a particular view, to form image of each slice projection along different views are obtained and are reconstructed from projections  

Different views of Medical Imaging 

General Requirements of Medical Imaging :

   The medical imaging modalities should have some basic requirements they are:

• It should be Non-Invasive 
• It should help doctor to make a diagnose
• It should give some good image quality 
• It should give some additional Insights 
• It should be speed and cost efficient 
• It should be safe and easy to use 

Medical imaging is a long and bigger topic. I covered basic of it in this article, In my future articles, I will cover all the Modalities of medical imaging In-depth and its applications.

That's all for now fam,

STAY SAFE , WEAR A MASK😷